The set of regex engines being compared here is pretty small, and even among backtracking regex engines, Java's is pretty slow. See: https://github.com/BurntSushi/rebar?tab=readme-ov-file#summa...
The backtracking engines ahead of are pcre2/jit, javascript/v8, d/ldc/std-regex (technically a hybrid I believe) and regress. Java's engine is about on par with Python's and Perl's (which are both written in C).