Illustration of the reason galaxies form spirals
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[0] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Density_wave_theory [1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SSPSF_model
We still have unexplained phenomena collectively called Dark Energy and Dark Matter which make galaxies behave in a way we don't expect. There is currently no accepted explanation of these. We don't know if these two are an actual thing or if our understanding of gravity is just wrong at that scale.