A digital signature does not protect you against a malicious actor who starts distributing outdated, vulnerable versions to you.
Well, that's how software is, but that article is from 2008 and things have gotten a lot better in the meantime (I think archlinux wasn't even signing their packages back then).
If the distribution's private keyring isn't compromised and you don't have third-party repos, your packages are as trustworthy as your distribution team (and upstream).