In the federal government, there are many ranks up to E15. In other industries, you need to move to management to make a decent living.
In large law firms, you’ve got a ~10 year path to partner or you usually move on.
Medicine is more extreme than tech. A few years after you complete your medical training, you’re a doctor with experience and you can just do that for the next 30-40 years.
Jiro dreams of sushi comes to mind.