Here's a few more that come to mind:
- Work decoding brain signals that allowed paralyzed people to communicate via a computer (this all happened pre Neuralink)
- I think self-driving cars fit your criteria, even if the jury is still out as to whether this has/will soon be 'solved.'
- In gaming, Unreal Engine's Nanite is very impressive and a real technological innovation
- There are efforts to get LLMs to learn via RL and not just from training on huge text corpuses. Actually mathematics is a prime example where you might dream of getting superhuman performance this way. People are at least trying to do this.
Just because there's a lot of BS which tends to drown everything else out, doesn't mean there isn't real progress too.