It's possible that they are all true, though, and GERD can either result from multiple different causes or from a sum of different causes. If that's the case, we would need better diagnostics to figure out what is causing each individuals problems in particular.
Other possible explanations found in the literature are at least: small intestine bacterial overgrowth; dysbiosis of the esophagus; food intolerances; postural problems; incorrectly (for some reason) functioning LES (or other related) muscle etc.
It's possible that all of these contribute a little bit to GERD and whether you get problems depends in all of these factors in some non-trivial way.