Disclosure, I'm working on https://github.com/purpleidea/mgmt/ so I think I have some reason to comment about this kind of tooling.
The previous iteration got killed right when it could have started gaining traction due to Microsoft's shift to "cross platform" and PowerShell Core.
The previous iteration of the Local Configuration Manager for Linux was written Python while the Windows version was a distinct codebase entirely.
But even regardless of that I have zero confidence that Microsoft can break into this space and that the Windows culture would shift in this direction. The mentality is just not there with the typical (majority of) admins.
The only thing I've heard is if stuff along the lines of if your using puppet in 2024 your doing it wrong, but not sure what the alternative is?
Anything else mature and worth trying?
Although I guess you mean individual machine config not operations in general!
Otherwise the classics (Ansible/Puppet/Chef/Saltstack) seem to still hold their positions somewhat.
(I don't count Terraform/Pulumi/OpenTofu in this category)