That said, HyperDex outperforms and provides stronger guarantees than previous key-value stores due to two architectural differences.
First is a new way to distribute data called "hyperspace hashing," whose description requires a picture, and can be found here: http://hyperdex.org/about/. This is quite different from the simple bucketing performed by memcached, Dynamo, Cassandra, Riak, MongoDB and others. See the latest slide set for an illustration of differences.
Second, HyperDex maintains replicas through a technique known as "value-dependent chaining." This enables the system to keep the replicas in sync without having to pay high overheads for coordination.