Law and policy is a reflection and product of culture, or at least the dominant culture. There is influence and feedback that goes both ways.

You can ask why Singapore and Japan have harsh fines, and India does not. You can also look at how people behave when there isn't a cop watching them.

At a high level, law is just a tool for enforcing cultural norms, and is only sufficient to police small amounts of deviation on the margin. If the majority, or even a significant minority, of people woke up tomorrow and decided to break the law, there would be little that could be done in any country.