I don't think "mixture of experts" can be assimilated to a society of agents. It is just routing a prompt to the most performant model: the models do not communicate with each other, so how could they form a society ?
On the same note, I suggest the following: training a transformer by "slicing" it in group of layers and force it to emit/receive tokens at each of those group's boundaries. What I expect: using text rather than neural activations should lead to decreased performance.
This is something you can observe in our societies: intelligence doesn't compose, you just don't double a group's overall intelligence by doubling the number of members. At best you'll observe decreasing return, at worst intelligence will decrease.