My guess would be quite a lot, since the artwork is not something a child would make despite it looking like its made for children.
Then one day I explained how the animation worked in the Piskel app (it had layers and frames). I came back an hour later and he had that flying snake that absolutely blew me away. He originally had it at 4 frames we gave him feedback that he needs more frames to be smooth. He upped it to 8.
The graphics is where had the least guidance from parents. We were focused on the code/logic aspects.
Also 32x32 limited reduces complexity a lot when trying to make a visual.