Interesting, but the post seems to focus on a Python code base. I wonder how well it would do with a large Java code base where a refactoring will very much go outside of its context window.

That's where I think JetBrains AI will be beneficial. I know it isn't great with its first iteration, but knowing JetBrains I'm sure they'll improve. When we have VERY large projects, the need is so much greater. Having an AI that understands the AST constraints and can leverage IDE capabilities would be fantastic.