Funnily enough Windscribe did an article on this:
- https://kumu.io/Windscribe/vpn-relationships
- https://windscribe.com/vpnmap
The main two that parent poster would be talking about would be "Kape Technologies" and "Ziff Davis VPNs".
We also did an article in 2019 https://www.privacyguides.org/articles/2019/11/20/the-troubl...
They do a lot of astro-turfing with "review websites" that aren't actually independent at all.