DOGE are not random people, they are government employees using government owned laptops to do audit on the orders of the President (DOGE is a renamed US Department of Digital Services).
Just because they analyze the data, journalists assume something nefarious going on, without the actual knowledge of actual risks:
Based on what they do, they only need read-only access to the General ledger transactions. I highly doubt they have access to modify COBOL programs on Treasury mainframes, but rather just operate off of read-only replicas/backups to read and analyze the data.
there are no risks to the Tresury system in this scenario.