21% of the federal budget goes to Social Security (aid)
16% goes to medicare (aid)
10% goes to other health spending (probably at least partially aid -- edit: further research shows that of this, around 90% is some kind of aid)
7% goes to income security (aid)
4% goes to veteran services (aid)
3% goes to education, training, employment, and social services (aid)
1.5% goes to natural resources and environment (aid)
1% goes to community and regional development (aid)
1% goes to foreign aid
We are already spending a huge portion of our budget on various kinds of domestic aid, the majority of it in fact.
Edit to add, data from 2024, source here: https://www.usaspending.gov/explorer/budget_function