What is said by Russian propagandists is that Ukraine didn't have the launch codes - like it was some magical barrier that would prevent Ukraine from deploying the nukes if they wanted to.
Like Ukrainian scientists didn't play a major a role in USSR nuclear development, and didn't have the know how to just use other system to deploy the nukes.
It's part of the Russian propaganda to make Ukrainians into incompetent inferior ethnic group - why do you think they address them by derogatory ethnic slurs like "little Russians"?
I think the general point still stands though. And if you read commentary from the time, it was a big deal.
They were literally in their possession. hint: that's why negotiations were required for their transfer to Russia.
The only way in which the Russians could have stopped this would have been to nuke Ukraine before they would have been able to modify the captured nukes, but it is unlikely that this would have been permitted by the other nuclear powers.
Russia is in clear violation of it, but it never promised US military intervention. All it promises is we'd go to the Security Council about it.
The memorandum didn't really anticipate one of the signatories with a UN veto being the aggressor.
The UK and France have clearly followed (and exceeded, via direct military aid it does not require) the requirements of the memorandum.
I can't find the text of China's agreement.
Yet, the US is the one that is forever chided for being negligent to the terms of the agreement.
As I've noted upthread.
> Yet, the US is the one that is forever chided for being negligent to the terms of the agreement.
The US has absolutely complied with the Budapest Memorandum's requirements.
Military aid isn't required, it's just a good idea. The recent withdrawal of aid is a betrayal of an ally, but not a violation of the Memorandum.