Answer to the titular question:

  The study, which put 2,190 believers into conversation with the GPT-4 model that underpins the chatbot, reduced the self-reported strength of their beliefs by 20% after three rounds of conversation. One in four participants disavowed their beliefs entirely.

And a very interesting result from another study.

  an analysis published in August by researchers at the University of Wisconsin-Madison suggests the debunking messages posted by medical experts on TikTok are *more effective if overlaid with high-tempo music.*