Is it because I use taxis in Europe that I have never experienced any of those when riding a taxi?

Here they all are required by law to have their cost stayed up front, printed on a sticker in the window.

Most of them have had apps for booking, with geolocation, ETA, and mobile payments for >10 years now.

Never had a single refusal, or complaint, or incorrect drop-off. Even in places which are lower class run-down areas.

They have always sent a wheelchair-compatible car when requested.