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In GIS parlance, elevation is typically z coordinate. Which of x and y correspond to east-west and north-south varies from coordinate system to coordinate system, and is a bountiful source of stupid bugs (at least for me). But yeah, in 3D graphics z is usually distance from the camera I think.

Probably z pointing upwards is more common.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Three-dimensional_space

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cartesian_coordinate_system#Th...

https://www.google.com/search?udm=2&q=3d+coordinate+system

I see, fascinatingly inconsistent :D I somehow have the urge to popularise a coordinate system where the x axis represents elevation now.

Towards or away from the center is the height, no? As in, you’re the bird at height Z observing the x-y plane under you, and the Z axis goes into you. Or away from you if you happen to be a mole under ground.