In the Netherlands we have DigiD [1] for accessing all government services including organization that by law are allowed to use the BSN (a national identification number) [2], such as care institution, educational institution and pension fund websites. Financial institutions are also required to register the BSN with each private held account.
[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/DigiD
[2] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/National_identification_number...