I don’t think we know enough about science to know whether teleporting a photon is something we can do or not, for example maybe we can via micro wormholes or quantum tunneling or some other frequency anomaly that cancels out strong/weak atomic forces so that an object can be accurately displaced (“teleported”) through other objects.

Once you figure out the “through other objects” part, I guess it just becomes an energy control problem, ie how to get object A to location B accurately, and decelerate it, before the effect wears off. Which is maybe not so hard when you have a teleport sender and receiver that can do the acceleration and deceleration.

Hypothetically the sender would estimate the trajectory required to hit the receiver then sync/teleport an inert beam of atoms (photos or something) with it. Then, once sync has been established you would know the trajectory settings to use, perhaps it would be a giga-energy problem to ie phase the object, accelerate it to light speed, then receive it at the destination and un-phase it. This would allow you to ie teleport living things without the morale dilemma of losing their original consciousness.

The practical distance would be based on the achievable speed ie how far can we shoot something before it phases back. You can cover a pretty big distance in 1us at the speed of light! Around 300m. If you can keep something phased for 10ms, you could go 3000km, at which point you just form a network of receivers.

(Just an exercise, don’t take it seriously!)