Skinner's behaviorism for sure ("The real question is not whether machines think but whether men do. The mystery which surrounds a thinking machine already surrounds a thinking man").

But also Dennet's origins of consciousness.

What I mean here is that the discussion among the AI proponents and detractors about machines "thinking" or being "conscious" seems to ignore what neuropsychology and cognitive psychology found obvious for decades - that there is no uniform concept of "thinking" or "consciousness" in humans, either.