Speculation failed, and then the proceeded government spent the next 8 years doing everything they could get away with against free markets -- tariffs, taxes, bonds.

The developed countries were mostly capitalistic up until the 70s. It just only started to die at the 80s, and it's still going strong on a few countries.

If you mean that a socialist structure was created on the 30s, yes, it was. But it didn't kill capitalism. Relentless corruption and cronyism is what killed it, the socialism in fact depends on it to work.

Depends on who you ask. Today's billionaires would disagree.