In my experience it's a common mistake of non-native English speakers, of native speakers of Slavic languages in particular. I see it often at work with titles starting with an interrogative word like "how".
In case anyone is curious, the way to phrase it as a question would be, "How does randomness improve algorithms?"
What's interesting is that both How... and How does... would translate into the same words but with a dot or a question mark at the end it would mean two different things.
That said, that would be true for many languages.