The proliferation of frameworks came about from the ideas and design of Ruby on Rails. MVC and ORM had been around before web apps, but it was not consistently used in a web framework until Rails. Convention-over-configuration, “nested doll pattern”, and Rack protocol were all ideas widely ported and copied into other language platforms and frameworks.

Also, ActiveRecord gained significant capabilities with named scopes, something that isn’t as widely copied.

Finally, Ruby itself lends itself well to writing DSLs, something that Javascript and TypeScript sucks at, but sometimes I still see people try and fail.

To be fair, it is my personal opinion that there has not been anything substantially innovative since Rails 5. The features I have seen since is better done with Elixir/Phoenix, mainly because the BEAM runtime makes better concurrency primitives available.