I am having 20 fps more in Linux with 4k screen when compared to 2k in Windows. Didn’t believe my old GPU could get better over time.
In more modern games using dx11/12, I've always noticed a small loss like you'd expect. I haven't properly benchmarked any but I suspect a game with native Vulkan support would do pretty similarly, and might come out on top due to CPU load.
Old games already run at insane frame rates on modern hardware, so while it's impressive from a technical standpoint, the performance boost is largely irrelevant. Even with a small loss, Proton is completely worth it -- no more Windows spyware, activation/registration nags, cloud/AI bloatware.