I don't know what's going on with Ruby's 'fasta' implementation, but I'm pretty sure it's not x86 assumptions that cause Ruby to use 231x the RAM.
so, i'd take it with a huge slab of salt.
http://luajit.org/luajit_features.html
Since it is able to use certain non-ANSI C features on the various platforms it supports it can do other neat things like enable coroutine calls across Lua/C stack boundaries.