It should in an ideal world but docker is a very leaky abstraction imho and you will run into a number of problems.

It has improved as of newer kernel and docker versions but they were problems (overlayfs/zfs incompatibilities/ uid mapping problems in docker images/ capabilities requested by docker not available in LXC, rootless docker problems,...)

In the new Proxmox VE 9.1 release this should be possible, from the changelog:

> OCI images can now be uploaded manually or downloaded from image registries, and then be used as templates for LXC containers.