Outside very simple programming techniques there is no such thing as well-established when it comes to PL. If one learns more than a handful of languages they’ll see multiple ways of doing the same thing.

As an example all three of the languages in the article have different error handling techniques, none of which are actually the most popular choice.

Built in data structures in particular, each language does them slightly differently to there’s no escaping learning their peculiarities.

ironically with zig most of the things that violate expectations are keywords. so you run head first into a whole ton of them when you first start (but at least it doesn't compile) and then it you have a very solid mental model of whats going on.

“Clearly it’s your fault for not realising that we embedded razor blades in our hammers! What did you think, that you could safely pick up a tool?”