Jupyter is objectively more powerful from an interactivity standpoint, but the cell-based editing strategy has always fell short from a navigation and versioning standpoint. OTOH text-only interaction is sometimes too free, so after all these years, I still haven't found anything that feels just right.
Say you are writing devops documentation. Skipping the many ugly ways you can achieve this in jupyter (e.g. you need ssh logins and creds), or even slightly less ugly in atuin, in org-mode you'd use a begin_src / end_src block and eval that block. The block kind of breaks the text flow. A possibly better interaction mode would be a text "button", borrowing from GNU Hyperbole's terminology.
Continuing the button use case, say the devops document says "<run this> to check the uptimes of our servers". That button is simple enough. You can evaluate this and get a buffer, or like org-babel, insert the output into a block inline. Now we want to extend the functionality: "<query the ps of a given server>". We want parameterization, but without breaking flow. So here I'm thinking of injecting a disposable form at cursor. In a web-based toolkit, we'd use a popup or expandable form, but that switches focus out of the document and into a modal. Does that make sense?
I'm not sure how well it will all fit, but every now and then I feel the same itch, and it seems like in 10+ years of using different tools, Emacs is still the best for providing "structured, validated input for in-document interaction".