https://uphillathlete.com/aerobic-training/vertical-beast-mo...
https://uphillathlete.com/aerobic-training/vertical-beast-mo...
I've trained in similar fashion for my trip to Aconcagua or Nepal, and never researched for that nor discussed with anybody. You carry big backpacks up there a lot, or smaller backpacks for 10-12h each day, every day in places where lack of oxygen makes you lose breath in 5-10 steps easily when walking uphill. It figures that when training for strength-endurance there needs to be a lot of repetitions with some added weight.
I just took some weights into backpack at building I was living back then, hiked those 8 floors on stairs, took elevator down, rinse and repeat many times. Or elliptic trainer with same backpack. Or other movements/machines (just don't run with that).
You get people who go skiing or running for the first time in a while and they complain "Oh, my knees hurt, I'm too old for this". Nope. You're just out of condition. Use it or lose it.
Or no, just listen to few folks who have something to sell like books or training regimens or guiding, or simply won genetic lottery in that very specific part of their bodies, since such advice definitely applies to everybody, at any age, at any situation.
Of course, You don't have to look far to see pro-athletes or ex-pro athletes: runners, tennis players, basketball players and gymnasts who have been going hard on their knees for decades and are still physically impressive relative to any of us mortals.
If you've torn or damaged your meniscus at some point you are statistically prone to osteoarthritis later in life but otherwise you should be fine.
https://msklab.med.ubc.ca/how-to-save-your-knees-without-giv...
Mountains? Sometimes, if it's a long hike and i don't pay attention.