Mandatory app installation through the mandatory state sanctioned rootkit Google Play store and 4G/5G LTE modems on-chip management engines. And that doesn't even cover the ubiquitous app data partnerships which report your information upstream.
Cash is still mostly accepted while majority of transactions are digital.
Absolutely not. The population is fine with the status quo.
In US tho? You can get SSN of literally everyone and that's somehow enough to ID yourself.