The system design questions are (at least):
1. What is this education intended to optimise for?
2. What are the various participants (including students) optimising for?
3. What aligns 1 and 2?
1. What is this education intended to optimise for?
2. What are the various participants (including students) optimising for?
3. What aligns 1 and 2?
But why else would you have a bunch of students join a class and cheat? Something like 22 out of the 27 perfect midterm students didn’t show up to the final? Obviously these people are not in it for the joy of learning.
So the answers to your questions are 1) learning 2) job-worthiness 3) measurements of 1 which accurately and plausibly reflect 2.
If a course does not plausibly reflect job readiness, or students’ grades do not reflect competence in the subject then the course must be fixed.