I don't disagree with your thesis that earned income is a reasonable basis for taxation, it is certainly better than 'value added.'
But wonder if you are arguing that earning money through non-manual labor is 'effortless' ?
This could use some clarification:
" By simply having a lot of money, I can invest this and make a solid profit...and be taxed in a lower bracket."
Is there some magic money pool somewhere that I can put a million dollars into and count on it to make a "solid profit" ? What is a 'solid profit' ? Is it inflation + 4%? 5%? 10%?
People have told me that programming takes no effort, they say "Oh yeah, you just go in there and type in some stuff and make a word processor or something and then sell that again and again for $100, its like printing your own money!" I realize that they don't understand what programming involves in terms of making a living at it.
For the last 15 years or so I've had the opportunity to manage the funds that I rolled over from a 401K as a 'self managed IRA'. I haven't found making that money 'grow' either easy or effortless. Rather it has been very much a challenge.
During the dot-com frenzy I knew people who mortgaged their houses to raise capital that they were going to 'make money hand over fist' with. But I don't know any of them where that turned out to be the best use of that capital. Not definitive I know but it made me cautious.