You can’t backport additional restrictions to a CC licence, but you can publish the same work under a new licence. Naturally that won’t stop anyone from using the work under terms of the old licence if they know about it, but it might discourage people (and in fantastical theory, bots) who don’t.

Another point is that any updates to existing works will only be available under the new licence. This might seem irrelevant to drawings and paintings, but the author has on occasion made changes to his older works for one reason or another, so at least the resulting newer versions would be protected by the additional terms (assuming they’re legally in the clear, of course).