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Uber and Lyft were paying drivers $X but charging users way less than $X so they were literally burning investor money to get market share.
Why does this point come up over and over again, pretending that you can truly separate training and inference costs. Yes, they are separate things but the value OpenAI and Anthropic are presenting to the world is "we're the absolute best, no one else comes close." Well, to keep that up you can't just not train for extended periods of time. You have to keep that engine going non-stop when there's free Chinese models nipping at your heels. You can be profitable on "just inference" all you want but if training expenses dwarf that, you're not going to be profitable overall, and that's the bottom line.
So my conclusion is that it only works because the majority of users doen't fully utilize their allowance. Last month I used almost nothing of my Claude 20x plan (did use Codex though).