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> to build stable closed ecosystems

Sealed terrariums? Unless you mean something more complex than plants, soil, sunlight, and water?

"That means it has been growing inside its bottle with no additional air, water or fertilizer for 47 years."

I don't think that terrarium contains any animals.

The 'biosphere 2' attempt at building a self-sustaining environment with humans, did not succeed.

12 years with bugs, but no mammals of course.

Impressive. But we are a very long way from being able to sustain hundreds of live humans in a closed environment for a multi decade/century voyage.