This is about an issue in the type checker, which would lead to unsoundness also in a C++ program. And also in Rust most causes of runtime failures are actually things that happen in `unsafe` blocks.
https://doc.rust-lang.org/book/ch20-01-unsafe-rust.html
But getting back to the point, the C++ compiler doesn't have a borrow checker, so it can't have a bug in it. So it's on you, as the developer, to take care of all unsoundness.
While in Rust an issue is now filed, and with the fix, every future Rust program gets the fix.