North Korea does this too, actually (and like Israel, for both genders). It's probably one of the significant reasons why NK has such a comparatively effective offensive cybersecurity group, despite how unlikely that would seem given their overall industrial capacity.

NK likely also gets a bit of a boost because of the extended length of mandatory service. Males on technical teams have to serve for 13 years.

Russia has historically not had mandatory universal conscription.

Does Russia have mandatory *Universal* conscription? I didn't think they did. Maybe recently?