I can't tell you what Gentoo does with the Linux kernel in terms of USE flags; it's been over a decade since I last tried Gentoo and I don't want to spend the time looking it up since I doubt anyone truly cares. (If someone does care enough and looks it up, I care just enough to be curious to know what you find).
What makes you bet that?
As far as I know, the kernel doesn't have any official CI. People test as they feel like it. Some people/companies build some CI initiatives, others don't use them.
https://lwn.net/Articles/972713/
Also the kernel has > 10000 Kconfig options. Somebody told me that 2^64 is a lot, and that 2^10000 is a lot more.
And folks do build stuff, including with the awesome "randconfig" mode which generates a.. random config, so while it's still possible for some specific config to not actually work at runtime it's actually quite unlikely for build itself to fail (for releases at least)
But they should be marked experimental in that case, not optional. Optional flags ought to work together, or at least it should be considered a bug worth quickly fixing if they don't. Combining experimental flags otoh is Buyer Beware.