I'm all for multiple city bus operators.
I'm all for multiple city bus operators.
A common "monopoly" of the physical last mile served by many providers traveling over it
There is a small angle where several ISPs can compete around customer service, data caps, equipment rental, business support, price margin, etc. While then forming larger units that put pressure on the physical provider to not stagnate the underlying infrastructure.
On the other hand I've got municipal fiber, and it just works. Great friendly local support (at least from what I understand, I don't really call them), no data caps, the price has stayed fixed for it's whole existence. I don't see any reason to want another layer on top of that, as it would only make all of those things worse.
The incumbent coax provider ("cable compay") still exists. If the municipal fiber provider stagnates on technology, then they could theoretically step up, right?. But given they had been coasting on a monopoly for decades (the other option being DSL), and that their service is still slower than the municipal gigabit (now deployed for a decade), I think that is giving them too much credit! In fact I've seen more talk about next-gen connection speeds from the municipal fiber provider.
For all the marketing about "free market competition", large corpos can be less innovative and responsive than small governments. So for the foreseeable future, I see no reason to not just voice my support for municipal fiber everywhere.
I would trust my county to deliver my fiber internet. All my government services work great. I literally marvel every time I visit our municipal dump, which is cleaner and mode efficient than my home country of Bangladesh. But I wouldn’t trust most of the other counties I’ve lived in before to do it (Baltimore, Wilmington DE, Chicago, etc.).
But when cities have the population density to support multiple competing Internet providers with decent physical layers and non-extractionary terms, then there generally doesn't seem to be much of a call for the city to provide its own services in the first place.
Furthermore cities that are incompetent about deploying infrastructure are going to be similarly incompetent at facilitating the permit process for private infrastructure - giving governmentesque incumbent providers a hold over a captive market regardless. So while this is a general problem that deserve its own exploration, it wouldn't seem to have much bearing on Internet access specifically. The real concern is municipalities that would be perfectly capable of providing Internet service (along with the rest of their municipal services), yet are being held back from even trying.
(Also I don't know what the Japan example demonstrates anything because 1. Japan and 2. that 1/3 ownership stake belies a much bigger controlling interest due to being the government)
ISPs could compete on lack of congestion on their backbone, privacy, latency, price, "value add" features (like email, website hosting, etc), and speed depending on the model of the wholesale network
Congestion/latency/data caps - I've observed no congestion, and have no traffic caps. "Competition" would create differentiation on providing less service.
Privacy - it's a municipal ISP. I'm pretty sure they're not selling my data to the surveillance industry. If it turns out they are, then I have recourse through the local democratic process rather than the standard "tough shit" response from a corpo. Given how the markets for cell service, webapps, etc work I don't have much faith that even in a competitive market, this would end up as a point of competition.
Email / website hosting / etc has nothing to do with the physical connection and therefore already has strong competition across the entire Internet. And actually this applies to the privacy point as well, with VPNs.
The model of the wholesale network is GPON. They obviously didn't string a dedicated fiber from the NOC to each house. So either speed is constrained by the gear the wholesale network buys, or the wholesale network would need to run a bunch of extra home runs so individual provider gets their own home run to light with their own gear.
I could see this last bit being a benefit in 10-20 years when gigabit isn't considered fast enough if the municipal fiber doesn't keep up. But given the municipal fiber built out the gigabit network while the coax incumbent was happy collecting rent on old infrastructure, I'm willing to give them a pass for the foreseeable future.
As to the wholesale network being GPON, there's always a point at which the network goes from a shared medium to a dedicated strand to the house. Wherever the PON splitter is, multiple splitters could be co-located, or, direct connections to be patched into for ISPs that don't want to use GPON. A dedicated connection is another place competition could exist, for example