That was a huge difficult process for Canada to get them back. The US isn't going to waste that sort of diplomatic currency just to arrest a medium tier white collar criminal. They will wait it out to see if he ever tries to leave and nab him.
Absolutely. It would be insane for the US to offer my specific example. I'm just making the point that China (and Russia, but I didn't give an example) can do something. Their hands aren't tied.