Most languages can do this if it's what you want. In Python it would be:

    class Some[T]:
        value: T

    type Option[T] = Some[T] | None

    def get_owner(id: DocumentId) -> Option[Option[UserId]]: ...

    match get_owner(document_id):
        case None:
            ...
        case Some(None):
            ...
        case Some(Some(x)):
            ...