Climate gets defined based on for example how much it is raining, how hot it is or the amount of sun. I have not fully developed this function yet, so just put it as a visualisation rather than a fact.
I think continental is something where it is a bit colder while subtropical is a bit warmer with the same amount of rain.
The website is a bit mess right now and I have not created the definitions well enough. They were put on randomly. This is something which should be fixed.
I agree with the UI, especially on Greenland where the dots are blending with the map. Sunshine Atlas is a way for me to experiment with design and functions, which I can later use on my other websites.