The problem is, it isn't about money. The government has all the money it needs, the government can print money if it needs to.[1] The problem is that all these old people will need
goods and services, and no amount of legerdemain with mere money can get around the fact that those goods and services must actually be produced, and the people producing those goods and services are therefore not producing other goods and services.
When you hear that statistic about two workers per retiree or whatever, don't just be thinking about money; that's the output of those two workers putatively going to support the retiree, and what's leftover going to power the economy.
As convenient as it can be to analyze problems in terms of money in normal life, when it gets to these really big "structure of society" problems the abstraction starts to get in your way again. Many of the characteristics of money are downright deceptive; one may save $100 today, but $100 of, say, corn today is not going to feed any retirees 20 years from now, it'll just be a rotted mess. Goods and services store poorly; they need to be matched up producer/consumer in something more like real time. Money is a great abstraction over that, but a still a secondary phenomenon compared to that real-time match up.
Of course, we can indeed support quite a few retirees... if one adjusts their standard of living down a long way. If it's OK for them to dial 911 and for nothing to happen, we've got more than enough wealth to support all kinds of retirees. Start specifying out a "good" first-world life style, though, and it becomes problematic again.
The problem is not, in absolute terms, a "lack of money"; the problem is that we've made promises about the quality of the retired life that are going to be very difficult to keep with small single-digit numbers of goods and service providers, while at the same time having enough of a productive economy to produce the wealth that will make it possible to keep those promises. Money is a very poor lens to analyze this problem through.
(Personally I don't believe the problem to be as hopeless as it seems, as there are still some avenues for significant per-worker productivity enhancements, mostly in terms of significant improvements in robotics. However, it must be observed that with our current set of promises, we 20-, 30-, and probably even 40-year olds are effectively all-in with our retirements on that hope, because if tech were to stagnate at current levels the current set of promises is probably mathematically infeasible.)
[1]: I'm not saying this is good or desirable, btw, it's just part of my point about this not being about money.