Not many people remember, but the Clinton admin offered $200 billion in credits and tax cuts for US telcos to roll out fiber nationwide in 1996:
http://www.pbs.org/cringely/pulpit/2007/pulpit_20070810_0026...
http://www.cringely.com/2009/10/29/what-goes-around-teledesi...
TDLR: through mergers and good lawyers, the telcos were able to get the $200 billion of Clinton tax credits in return for nothing. Obama is trying again with a $100 billion plan