I don't think this is exclusive to women, I've known soft-spoken male engineers that I would need to speak up for and say, "I think $X has something to say about this" or "I'd like to hear what $Y thinks about this" in meetings.

Part of a manager or leader's job is making meetings constructive and inclusive. I'm not speaking as a particularly experienced leader of teams, I've only had one year-long go as a startup CTO and a previous stint as a team lead.

Very strange that this isn't practiced more consistently.

I'm a guy and people interrupt, ignore, or talk over me all the time. It's got more to do with the communications protocol. E.g., I usually make a small sound before I start talking, as a form of reservation. Usually just a loud intake of breath. That fails with some people. They just keep going.

The culture in software discussions in my experience is simply that the loudest, most assertive person dominates the conversation. I don't know if this affects women more negatively than it affects men, but it wouldn't shock me. It certainly harms the quality of the discussion and how fast you can arrive at the right conclusions.