Even though this didn't pass, it's still bad for Pelosi. If you're minority leader and you don't even manage to get half of your party to vote against an amendment introduced by a republican, despite extensive lobbying, what good are you?
There has to be at least one tech industry person with beaucoup bucks and an interest in politics that can take on Pelosi. Every Democrat insider would oppose a primary challenge, but I can imagine a scenario where someone with a lot of resources could bypass the establishment and speak directly to voters.
Jerry Yang comes to mind. He could perhaps even mobilize the Taiwanese population in SF.