The latency of the crypto itself is minimal, what you're really having a problem with is traversing the ocean. Solution: Don't do that. So we need more nodes. If there are a thousand nodes within a hundred miles of where you are then you don't need to use the ones that are ten thousand miles away.
In addition to that, you can mask latency with caching and prefetch. Browsers could prefetch all the small content on linked pages so that by the time you click on a link the data is already on your computer. This could be helped by general purpose HTTP protocol improvements that allow a browser to know speculatively what such content will be on a page through a POST request etc. without having to actually POST anything. SPDY/HTTP 2.0 also allows asynchronous operation which is extremely good at masking round trip latency when requesting many small objects.