Even when you compare post-bubble market cap, say from 2002 to now, it's shockingly bad performance for Microsoft:
AAPL: $5 billion -> $465 billion
GOOG: $16 billion -> $288 billion
MSFT: $217 billion -> $291 billion
I know now you might nitpick that AAPL and GOOG were very small in 2002 and not comparable to saturated markets Microsoft operates in. In that case, take example of even non-tech well established companies:
AT&T: $72 billion -> $203 billion
StarBucks: $7 billion -> $53 billion
However you can still argue that Microsoft increased its revenue 3 folds and profit 2 folds under Ballmer. That might be good metric to measure Ballmer's performance but this does not discount for inflation (36%) and auto-accumulating multi-year enterprise contracts that have been pilling up since Gates era (unknown value).